Swager for metallic rings



Aug". 19, 1969 N. T. HENKEL. ETAL SWAGER FOR METALLIC RINGS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 25. 1967 R m m aw Rx 0 T N N N E R E HS m N LA MM W. NH Y B 0.

Aug. 19, 1969 N. T. HENKEL ETAL swAGER FOR METALLIC muss 4 sheets-sheet 2' Fild April 25 19s":

INVENTORS NEVILLE 7T HEN/(EL HERMAN W. SGHARER A TTORNE Y5 9, 1969 N. T. HENKEL ETAL 3,461,712

SWAGER FOR METALLIC RINGS Filed April 25 1967 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 cw-F a g INVENTORS NEVILLE T. HEN/(EL HERMAN W SCHARER A T TORNE YS Aug. 19, 1969 N. T. HENKEL ETAL 3,461,

swmnn FOR METALLIC runes Filed April 25 1967 4 Shamshe INVENTORS 4 I NEVILLE ZHENKEL 28 HERMAN m SCHARER A TTORJNE Y5 United States Patent US. Cl. 72-402 9 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A machine for cold working a circular member, such as metal, to definite shape and size by camming swaging sectors radially inwardly against the periphery of the member.

The machine for cold working the member comprises a draw ring, the inner surface of which is tapered in one axial direction toward a smaller radius to provide a circular cam. It also comprises a plurality of swaging sectors disposed within the draw ring, and these sectors are movable radially inwardly into swaging relationship with the circular member to be shaped and sized. Either the swaging sectors may be moved axially relative to the draw ring, or preferably, as shown, the draw ring is moved axially relative to the swaging sectors.

Springs are interposed between the sectors for effecting radial outward movement thereof when they are withdrawn from the influence of the radial inward movement by the draw ring.

In the embodiment illustrated, sectors forming a ring are disposed between the camming surface of the draw ring and the peripheries of the swaging sector surfaces. The sectors forming the rings are formed of different material than the draw ring and swaging sectors. The peripheral surfaces of the sectors which form the ring are tapered toward a smaller radius in the same axial direction as the camming surface of the draw ring. The inner surface of the sectors which form the ring and the peripheral surface of the swaging sectors are cylindrical. Springs are interposed between these sectors for effecting radial outward movement thereof when they are withdrawn from the influence of radial inward movement by the draw ring.

The camming action of the draw ring is adjustably limited by an adjustable stop.

Other features and the advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein a preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a side view of the machine;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the machine;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 3-3 of FIG. 1, but on a larger scale, and showing the sectors in their highest position;

FIGS. 4 and 5 are sectional views taken along lines 4-4 and 55, respectively, of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 3, but showing only a part of the draw ring and showing the draw ring in elevation;

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary top plan view of fragments of the draw ring, two swaging sectors and two intermediate sectors, part of the sectors being shown in section to show the springs and sockets therefor;

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 7, showing the sectors in their lowermost position; and

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 7, but on a larger scale and showing a fragment of the circular member which is to be sized.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the machine 20 includes a main frame 22 including a base plate 24, supported by feet 26; it also includes four upright supports 28 which carry a circular platform or table 30; the supports 28 are bolted to the plate 24 and the platform 30. A retainer 32 for a shaft 34 includes a plate 36 which is attached to the underside of the center of the platform by bolt 38; this shaft retainer includes a downwardly extending sleeve 40 which is disposed centrally of the platform and is welded to the underside of plate 36; the retainer also includes gussets 42 which are welded to the underside of plate 36 and to the sides of sleeve 40.

The top of platform 30 carries a plurality of radially disposed swaging sectors 44, preferably eight, each having an inwardly extending ledge 46. These sectors 44 surround a circular retaining ring 48 and carry radially extending dogs 50. These dogs have radial slots at 52 for receiving bolts 54 by which they are attached to the top of the retaining ring 48. The nose of these dogs overlay the ledges 46 of the swaging sectors 44. It will be seen from FIG. 9 that the inner ends of ledges 46 are spaced radially from the periphery of the retaining ring 48 whereby when the swaging sectors 44 are moved radially inwardly, they will not engage the retaining ring 48.

The inner surface 56 of the portion of the sector above the ledge 46 is arcuate in shape and the combination of these surfaces 56 form a circle. Each sector carries an adapter 58, see FIGS. 2 and 9; the inner surface 60 thereof is also arcuate in shape and the combination of these surfaces 60 form a circle. These adapters 58 are removably held in position by radially extending dogs 62, the latter being fastened to the sectors by bolts 64. Various thickness adapters can be substituted for that shown.

The ring 66 to be shaped and sized (shrunk circumferentially) is shown in FIG. 9.

The mechanism for imparting radial inward movement comprises a draw ring 68 and a plurality of sectors 70, the latter forming a ring of sectors and are disposed between the inner surface 72 of the draw ring 68 and the peripheries 74 of the swaging sectors 44. The peripheries 74 of the swaging sectors 44 and the inner surfaces 76 of the sectors 78 are herein shown, for example, as cylindrical. The inner surface 72 of the draw ring tapers axially upwardly to a smaller radius. Likewise, the peripheral surfaces 78 of the sectors 70 taper axially upwardly to a smaller radius. Thus, it will be seen that when the draw ring 68 is moved downwardly from the position shown in FIG. 8 to the position shown in FIG. 3, all sectors 70 and 44 will have been moved inwardly to shape and shrink the ring 66 to its desired diameter. The dogs 50 on the retaining ring 48 prevent upward movement of the swaging sectors 44 while the sectors are moving inwardly. The sectors 70 are formed of different material than the draw ring 68 and sectors 44 so as to prevent gaulding at the interengaging surface. Preferably, the draw ring 68 and swaging sectors are formed of steel and the sectors 70 are formed of cast Meehinite."

The draw ring 68 may be reciprocated by any desirable mechanism. It is herein shown as being moved axially and vertically by a plurality of rods 79 which are threaded into the underside of the ring. The lower ends of these rods are fastened to a spider 80 through threaded shanks 82 and nuts 84. The spider 80 is provided with a centrally disposed extension 86, and the spider and extension carry a bushing 88 which surrounds the shaft 34. The bushing is held in place by screws 90. The shaft 34 provides a central guide for the spider 80 through bushing 88.

Other stabilizing bars and 97 are connected between the draw ring 68 and the spider 80. Sleeves and bolts are provided for this purpose. One of the bolts is shown at 99.

The draw ring 68, in addition to being guided vertically by the spider 80, is also guided vertically by a plurality of 3 bushings 100 which surround the rods 79. These bushings 88 are carried by plates 94 which are fastened to the underside of platform 30 by screws 96.

Any suitable mechanism may be employed for reciprocating the spider 89 vertically. Hydraulic equipment is illustrated. It includes four hydraulic cylinders 108 which are fastened to the underside of platform 36 by screws 110. Rams 112 of the hydraulic mechanism extend downwardly from these cylinders and are fastened to the spider 80 by screws 114. Fluid, preferably oil, is delivered to and returned to the cylinders 108 by tubes 116 and 118. The flow of fluid is controlled by valves encased in housing 120 and actuated by a foot pedal 122.

Referring particularly to FIGS. 7 and 8, it is observed that each of the sectors 44 is provided with at least two horizontally extending sockets 124, the sockets of adjacent sectors confronting one another. A spring 126, under compression, is disposed within confronting sockets of adjacent sectors. Similar sockets 128 are provided in the sectors 70, and a spring 130, under compression, is disposed in confronting sockets 128. When the draw ring 63 is being moved from the position shown in FIG. 3 toward the position shown in FIG. 7, these springs exert pressure between adjacent sectors causing them to separate and simultaneously force the sectors radially outwardly.

Referring now to FIGS. 3, 6 and 8, it will be seen that the platform 30 is provided with a plurality of radially extending slots 132 which extend to the periphery of the platform. These slots receive pins 134 which are threaded into and depend from the sectors 70. These slots form guides for the pins whereby each sector 70 must move directly radially when not under the influence of the draw ring 68.

Referring to FIG. 3, it is observed that a stop 136 is threaded onto the lower end of shaft 34 and fixed by set screws 138. This stop is disposed below the bottom of the spider extension 86 to limit the extent of downward movement that can be imparted to the spider 80 and likewise the draw ring 63. Limiting the downward movement of the draw ring 68, limits the radial inward movement that can be imparted to the swaging sectors 44.

The upper end of shaft 34 extends through a center hole 139 in the platform 30. The upper end of the shaft is threaded for receiving an adjusting nut 140. The adjusting nut is provided with an outwardly and radially extending flange 142 which is disposed below an inwardly and radially extending flange 144 on the retaining ring 48. When the retaining ring is fixed in position on the top of platform 30 by Meyer screws 146, the overlying flange 144 limits the upward movement that can be imparted to shaft 34. A longitudinally extending groove is provided in the periphery of shaft 34 and it receives a pin 150 which is suitably fixed to the sleeve 40. This pin prevents turning of the shaft 34.

The extent of downward movement of the spider 80 and likewise the draw ring 68 can be adjusted by turning the adjusting nut 140 by raising or lowering the shaft 34 and consequently the stop 136.

The extent of upward movement of the draw ring 68 is limited by a ring 152 which surrounds shaft 34 and rests on the top of bushing 88. The upward movement of the spider 80 is limited by the engagement of the ring 152 with the bottom of sleeve 40. The ring 152, formed of two halves, is held together by screws 154. Various thicknesses of rings 152 are provided for determining the extent of upward movement of the draw ring 68.

It will be understood that the shaft 34, the retaining ring 46, the sectors 44 and 70, and the draw ring 68 have a common axis.

In operating the machine, the draw ring 68 is moved upwardly through the rods 79 and spider 89 by raising the rams 112 of the hydraulic mechanism. When the draw ring 68 is being raised, the sectors 44 and 70 will be spread circumferentially and moved radially outwardly by the springs 126 and 130. A ring 66 to be shaped and sized (shrunk) circumferentially is placed in position, as shown in FIG. 9. Thereafter, the rams 112 are moved downwardly by the hydraulic mechanism, forcing the spider downwardly to pull the draw ring downwardly through rods 79. The surfaces 72 of the draw ring 68 of the intermediate sectors 70 function as camming surfaces to force all of sectors 70 and 44 radially inwardly to thereby apply radially inward shrinking pressure to be applied to the ring 66.

We claim:

1. A machine for cold working material, such as metal, comprising in combination:

(A) a frame;

(B) means forming a circular draw ring carried by the frame, the inner surface of the ring tapering in one axial direction toward a smaller radius to provide a circular cam;

(C) a plurality of swaging sectors disposed within the ring and movable radially by the cam, the axis of the sectors coinciding with the axis of the ring;

(D) means on the frame for supporting the sectors;

(E) and a mechanism for moving the first mentioned means axially relative to the other means.

2. A machine as defined in claim 1, characterized to include:

(F) means for guiding the mechanism (E) in an axial direction.

3. A machine as defined in claim 1, characterized to include:

(F) springs between the swaging sectors biased to normally urge separation of the sectors.

4. A machine for cold working material, such as metal,

comprising in combination:

(A) a frame;

(B) means forming a circular draw ring carried by the frame, the inner surface of the ring tapering in one axial direction toward a smaller radius to provide a circular cam;

(C) a plurality of swaging sectors disposed within the ring and movable radially by the cam, the axis of the sectors coinciding with the axis of the ring;

(D) means on the frame for supporting the sectors;

(E) a mechanism for moving one of the aforementioned means axially relative to the other means;

(F) sectors forming a ring interposed between the circular cam and the peripheries of the swaging sectors, the peripheries of the sectors of said ring tapering toward a smaller radius in the same direction as that of the camming surface of the ring, said sectors which form the ring being engageable with the camming surface of the ring and the peripheries of the swagin g sector surfaces.

5. A machine as defined in claim 4, characterized to include:

(G) means for guiding the sectors (F), forming the ring, radially.

6. A machine as defined in claim 4, characterized in that the inner surfaces of the sectors (F) forming the ring and the peripheral surfaces of the swaging sectors are cylindrical.

7. A machine as defined in claim 4, characterized to include:

(G) springs between the sectors (F) forming the ring, said springs being biased to normally urge separation of said last mentioned sectors.

8. A machine as defined in claim 7, characterized to include:

(H) means for guiding the mechanism (E) in an axial direction;

(I) adjustable means for limiting swaging including:

(1) an axially adjustable stop;

(2) a second stop movable with the movable means, said first mentioned stop lying in the path of movement of the second mentioned stop;

(J) springs between the swaging sectors biased to normally urge separation of the sectors. 9. A machine for cold working material, such as metal,

comprising in combination:

(A) a frame;

(B) means forming a circular draw ring carried by the frame, the inner surface of the ring tapering in one axial direction toward a smaller radius to provide a circular cam;

(C) a plurality of swaging sectors disposed within the ring and movable radially by the cam, the axis of the sectors coinciding with the axis of the ring;

(D) means on the frame for supporting the sectors;

(E) a mechanism for moving one of the aforementioned means axially relative to the other means;

(F) sectors forming a ring interposed between the circular cam and the peripheries of the swaging sectors, the peripheries of the sectors of said ring tapering toward a smaller radius in the same direction as that of the camming surface of the ring, said sectors which form the ring being engageable with the camming surface of the ring and the peripheries of the swaging sector surfaces; (F) adjustable means for limiting swaging including:

(1) an axially adjustable stop, (2) a second stop movable with the movable means, said first mentioned stop lying in the path of movement of the second mentioned stop.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS RONALD D. GREFE, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 

